Case Study and Risk Assessment of Water Inrush Disaster in Qingdao Metro Line 4
Water inrush is one of the most frequent and catastrophic hazards in tunnel engineering, and poses serious threats to the safety of engineering and personnel.This paper presents a case study of a water inrush and ground collapse in the Qingdao Metro Line 4, which caused a cave-in with the diameter and depth of about 30 m and 6 m, respectively.Based